Chapter 2 – The Cervix

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Cervical Cancer

Incidence and mortality

Worldwide, cervical cancer is the fourth most frequent cancer in women, with an estimated 570,000 new cases in 2018. It is estimated there will be approximately 311,000 deaths from cervical cancer every year, with more than 85 per cent of these occurring in less developed regions.(8)(9)

In Australia, cervical cancer was the 14th most commonly diagnosed cancer among females in 2014. It accounts for less than 2 per cent of all female cancers with a relatively low incidence of 7 new cases per 100,000 women of all ages. In 2015, there were 857 new cases of cervical cancer, with an age standardised rate of 9.6 per 100,000 women.(10)

In 2017, there were 230 deaths from cervical cancer (age standardised rate of 1.6 deaths per 100,000 women). (10) Both incidence and mortality halved between the introduction of the National Cervical Screening Program in 1991 and the year 2002, and have since remained at 9–10 new cases and two deaths per 100,000 women. (10) However some groups remain under-screened, and in Australia, 72% of invasive cervical cancers diagnosed between 2002 and 2012 were diagnosed in those who were either under-screened ... Buy now

Clinical presentation

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Pathogenesis

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